Question No: 1 ( Marks: 12 ) Write an outline of Software Requirements Specification document. In detail. Question No: 2 ( Marks: 15 ) Write descriptive note on the followings: (15) a) Waterfall model and its disadvantage if any. (5) b) Four dimensions of a software project. (5) c) In your opinion what are the essential Project Manager skills to execute a Software project timely and in cost-effective way meeting the specifications and quality standards. Briefly discuss two of them. (5) Question No: 3 ( Marks: 2 ) - Please choose one Efficiency with which a program runs on different platforms or operating systems is Reusability . True . False Question No: 4 ( Marks: 2 ) - Please choose one During the Implementation phase the software modules are coded and initial unit tests are performed . True . False Question No: 5 ( Marks: 2 ) - Please choose one -------------------is a software engineering task that bridges the gap between system level requirements engineering and software design. . Cost Analysis . Design analysis . Risk analysis . Requirements analysis Question No: 6 ( Marks: 2 ) - Please choose one ---------- is path finding,----------- is path following . Leadership, Management . Leader, Leadership . Management, Leadership . Manager, Management
Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic ofgroup in organization?
► Common goal
► Interaction with one another
► Accept expectations and obligations
► Mutually independent
Question No: 2( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Jobs in which success demands stamina, leg strength and manual dexterity require management to identify an employee’s which characteristics?
► Physical abilities
► Motor abilities
► Mental abilities
► Emotional abilities
Question No: 3( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Which of the following communication network is best illustrated by an unstructured committee?
► Vertical
► Wheel
► All-channel
► Chain
Question No: 4( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
When all communication is channeled through one person, which of the following communication network exists?
► All-channel
► Chain
► Horizontal
► Wheel
Question No: 5( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Formal guidelines and authority hierarchies are examples of which function of communication?
► Control
► Agreement
► Motivation
► Information
Question No: 6( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Which of the following is an example of downward communication flow?
► Suggestion boxes
► Disscussing problem with boss
► Feedback on job performance
► Letters to your boss
Question No: 7( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
The means by which a communication is passed is called:
► Medium
► Instrument
► Conductor
► Transmission
Question No: 8( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
On the Leadership Grid, a manager who has a medium concern for both, people and production is a (n):
► Team manager
► Country club manager
► MIddle of the road manager
► Authority-obedience manager
Question No: 9( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
If a leader’s main concern is accomplishing his/her group’s tasks, the University of Michigan studies label this leader as:
► Production-oriented
► Laissez-faire
► Consideration-oriented
► Employee-oriented
Question No: 10( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Which of the following are the two dimensions of leadership behavior identified in the University of Michigan studies?
► Emotional and rational
► Autocratic and democratic
► Initiating structure and consideration
► Employee-oriented and production-oriented
Question No: 11( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
If trait theories of leadership are valid, then leaders are _____.
► Educated
► Trained
► Born
► Authoritarian
Question No: 12( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
The main difference between a leader and a manager is:
► Managers seek change and leaders don't
► Leaders are thought of as better people because they don't punish
► Leaders are advocates for change, and managers for the status quo
► Managers are concerned with people, and leaders with events
Question No: 13( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Which of the following techniques most restricts discussion or interpersonal communication during the decision-making process?
► Groupthink
► Nominal group
► Brainstorm
► Electronic meeting
Question No: 14( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Which of the following is a tendency for members of a cohesive group to reach decisions without weighing all the facts, especially those contradicting the majority opinion?
► Group conformity
► Group shift
► Groupthink
► Social loafing
Question No: 15( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
What is generally the result of groupthink?
► Higher quality decisions
► More risky decisions
► Less critical analysis
► Unpopular decisions
Question No: 16( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Which of the following is true about virtual teams?
► There is an absence of verbal cues
► There is limited social context
► People collaborate online
► All of the given options
Question No: 17( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Which of the following helps to explain the current popularity of teams?
► Easy to manage
► Less expensive
► Use employee talents better
► Promote socialization
Question No: 18( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Which of the following statements concerning tenure is NOT true?
► Tenure does not appear to be a good predictor of employee productivity
► Tenure and satisfaction are positively related
► Tenure is a good variable in explaining turnover
► Tenure and organizational investment are negatively related
Question No: 19( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
What other name is the two-factor theory known by?
► Theories X and Y
► Motivator-Hygiene Theory
► Hierarchy of Needs Theory
► Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction Theory
Question No: 20( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Which of the following method is used for strengthening desirable behavior?
► Negative Reinforcement
► Neutral Reinforcement
► Pleasant Reinforcement
► Positive Reinforcement
Question No: 21( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
How does McClelland define the need for affiliation?
► Drive to excel, to strive to succeed
► Need to make others behave in a novel way
► Desire for friendshipand mutual understanding
► The desire to control & influence their behavior
Question No: 22( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Who developed ERG theory?
► Mcclelland
► Maslow
► Alderfer
► Ouchi
Question No: 23( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs arranges those needs in which of the following orders?
► Physiological, esteem, safety, social, and self-actualization
► Physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization
► Safety, physiological, esteem, social, and self-actualization
► Physiological, social, safety, esteem, and self-actualization
Question No: 24( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
What are the three key elements of motivation?
► Interest, activity and reward
► Awareness, effort and outcome
► Stimulation, progress and achievement
► Intensity, direction and persistence
Question No: 25( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Amna is an honest and straightforward person. She believes her employees are all similarly honest and straightforward, ignoring signs that they may be
manipulating her. What perceptual shortcut is Amna most likely using?
► Prototyping
► Contrast effect
► Halo effect
► Projection
Question No: 26( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Asma is experiencing conveyance problem for her college pick and drop. She decides to use the rational decision-making model to decide what to do. What might be the next step she takes if she follows this model?
► Define the problem
► Identify the decisions criteria
► Evaluate other available alternatives
► Select the best alternative
Question No: 27( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
The time at which an object or event is seen is an example of what type of factor influencing the perceptual process?
►Situation
► Perceiver
► Reality
► Target
Question No: 28( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
What is the most relevant application of perception concepts to OB?
► The perceptions people form about each other
► The perceptions people form about their employer
► The perceptions people form about society
► The perceptions people form about external reality
Question No: 29( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Imran is the head of a group at an advertising agency working with artists and designers to come up with effective branding of new products. Why is it particularly important for him to keep his team happy?
► People are more conscientious when they are in a good mood
► People are more efficient when they are in a good mood
► People are more productive when they are in a good mood
► People are more creative when they are in a good mood
Question No: 30( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Which of the following statement is true regarding Big five Model?
► The Big Five traits are related to intrinsic motivational factors
► The Big Five traits are related to extrinsic motivational factors
► The Big Five traits are related to both intrinsic and extrinsic factors
► The Big Five traits have no relationship to motivational factors
Question No: 31( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
The degree to which people value relationships and show sensitivity and concern for the welfare for others is called:
► Quantity of life
► Quality of life
► Long-term orientation
► Social Loafing
Question No: 32( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
All of the following are sources of the values EXCEPT:
► External Reference Groups
► Role Models
► Achievement
► Teachers
Question No: 33( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Values like working hard, being creative and honest are the means which lead towards achieving organizational goals. Which of the following term best described these values?
► Terminal values
► Instrumental values
► Theoretical values
► Social values
Question No: 34( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Which of the following is NOT one of the scales to measure job satisfaction?
► Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire
► The Faces Scale
► The mentor scale
► Descriptive Index
Question No: 35( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Following a response by the termination or withdrawal of something unpleasant is called----------------.
► Positive reinforcement
► Extinction
► Negative reinforcement
►Punishment
Question No: 36( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Last year, Ali had taken lunch at a fast food restaurant that caused him food poisoning. Now whenever he passes by the restaurant, he feels nauseous. This is an example of which of the following learning theory?
► Classical conditioning
► Social learning
► Operant conditioning
► Reinforcement theory
Question No: 37( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Which of the following are identifiedas new managerial functions?
► Planning and organizing
► Leading and controlling
► Directing and monitoring
► TQM and continuous improvement
Question No: 38( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
Mr. Ahmed is responsible to transmit information to outsiders on organization’s plans, policies, actions and results. Which managerial role is he playing in organization?
► Disseminator
►Spokesperson
► Representative
► Figurehead
Question No: 39( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
The greatest contribution of which one of the following to OB is through their study of group behavior in organizations, particularly formal and complex organizations?
► Psychology
► Sociology
► Anthropology
► Social Psychology
Question No: 40( Marks: 1 )- Please choose one
If a manger is responsible to define goals, establish an overall strategy for achieving those goals and matching activities accordingly, then which one of the following functions is he/ she performing.
►Planning
► Organizing
► Leading
► Controlling
Question No: 41( Marks: 10 )
What are the common skills exhibited by an effective manager?
ANSWER:
Skill: Skill is defined as an ability to act in a way that allows a person to highly perform his roles.
Skills required by Effective Manager:
There are various skills which must be possessed by a manager in order to be effective. Some of such skills are listed below
Define proper goals for everyone.
Must plan and organize the work properly so that it flows smoothly.
Enables proper communication in all directions.
Promotes participation of individuals
Provide honest feedback
Empower and delegate the important tasks to subordinates
Have full control over the whole process
Motivate the subordinates to goal achievement
Exhibits technical as well as administrative expertise to answer related questions.
Facilitates work through teams and proper training
Keep the activities move by following the schedule and deadlines.
